As it intensifies its push into groceries and perishable foods, Wal-Mart Stores Inc. is betting it can take on these labor-intensive categories by adding efficiency, not bodies.

The company is throwing its supply-chain and inventory management expertise behind the delicate logistics of stocking and selling products that can wilt or sour, but if a data-driven solution to what historically has been perceived as a people problem fails, it won’t just be the groceries that spoil.

A worker stocks produce at a Walmart Express store in Chicago on July 26, 2011.
Image: JOHN GRESS / Reuters+

“It’s one of the top issues they face,” said Gary Giblen, an independent retail industry consultant. “You only get one time at bat with perishables,” he said.

Groceries are a big opportunity for Wal-Mart. “About half of meals eaten in this country include one fresh item,” said Harry Balzer, chief industry analyst for the NPD Group.

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